The ESCs would need to be reversible, preferably with full power reverse.
Add stability? Does it remain upright when powered off? In that case stability is mainly a matter of not increasing speed too quickly. It should be possible to control without a CC3D, but a CC3D would make it easier to control. Set CC3D up for say 90 degree max bank angle in Attitude mode, and when you slam the stick all the way forward the board and weight goes to 90 degrees for maximum acceleration, rather than spinning around and around like it would with full power but no CC3D.
If it must be actively balanced like a Segway, that is another matter. I don't see why it wouldn't work with reversible ESCs from some minimum angle and properly tuned PIDs, but it would be a challenge instead of simple.