..Great response, Cliff, and very helpful.
I first implemented the environment variable recommendation. Interestingly enough, it was already there, but specified '717' instead of '803'. Changing it as you recommended eliminated most of the problems... I am now able to move around the globe, zoom in and out, set home position, etc... and the map updates faster than before and with no unwanted artifacts left on the screen at all. Maximum 'zoom in' shows me about half of the roof on my house, and all zoom levels are 'clearer' than before.
Next, I attempted to delete the data.gmdb file, and found there were two of them... one in the Windows AppData subfolder, dated 3 years ago, 5 Kb in size, and one in the Windows Roaming subfolder, 14.3 Mb in size and dated last night. I deleted both of them, restarted the GCS, and saw no further differences other than a a slightly slower load/display of the map I had previously specified as the default zoom and resolution.
All this was tested using LP 16.09 under Windows 10 at current maintenance level and with no FC connected. For the record: in Windows 10, the environment variables are found under 'System' on the System Properties tab.
Thanks for the help!! On to the next learning step: Plugging in a GPS module for the first time...